Friday, February 5, 2010

Why does the current split at parallel circuits?

Can anyone explain to me, in detail, why does a specific current split into different ampere values when it enters a parallel circuit of two different resistor with different resistances?Why does the current split at parallel circuits?
Current is a number that says how many electrons are running through a wire/part. Meaning when you make a parallel circuit, the current MUST split into two different parts to be able supply both.





EX: water going down a single PVC pipe runs into two PVC pipes of smaller size. The water cannot force itself though a single pipe, so it goes into both





Another reason is because voltage over two points that are virtually the same, will be the same.





EX: measuring the voltage over two resistors in parallel will give you a voltage. Measuring the voltage over one of the two resistors will give you the same voltage.





If the two resistors in the example above are of different values, then the power going through them must be different. But the voltage MUST be the exact same over each of them.





Power = Voltage times Current





The only thing left to change is current.





Another way to think of it is if you had a whole bunch of kids in lines, and you sent a couple balls down the line. if you break part of the line into two lines and have it merge back together, and try to send a ball down. The ball won't be able to go down both lines, because the ball can't be in both places at once.





In the gist of things, what goes in must come out, therefor what goes into lineA and line B must come out





or Current in = (current in line A) + (current in line B) = Current going out.Why does the current split at parallel circuits?
Current will follow the path of least resistance, so when current enters a parallel circuit it will divide, most current flowing in the branch with least resistance and the smallest flowing in the branch with most resistance. The current values can be calculated using Ohms Law or if you feel really clever, Kirchhoff's Law. Alternatively an inverse proportional approach may be taken.

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